Europa – Our Potential Habitable Environment

What is the first criterion to defining a habitable environment for humans? Water to sustain life. Through NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, scientists were able to observe water vapor above the south polar region of Europa, providing the first solid evidence of the existence of an ocean under Europa’s icy crust.

Photo by Lunar and Planetary Institute

Photo by Lunar and Planetary Institute

Researchers are able to speculate that the water vapor is most likely generated when water plumes erupted on the surface. If these findings are proven to be true, this would make Europa the second moon in the solar system known to have water vapor plumes. Also, the evidence provides a general idea of the chemical makeup of Europa and its potential of becoming a habitable environment, without digging through the layers of ice.

Photo by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Photo by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Since this moon has a strong gravitational pull, majority of the -40°F vapor would fall back onto the surface, rather than escaping into space. This new observation, if confirmed, can demonstrate the reliability and power of the Hubble Space Telescope, and its ability to explore new worlds for potentially habitable environments in our solar system.

New Discovery: Young Planet Found Outside of Solar System

Have your Blaster been keeping up with the latest space happenings? It seems that a team of astronomers have discovered a giant planet, orbiting a single, sun-like star, right outside of our solar system. What’s most unique about this planet? It weighs 11 times more than Jupiter’s mass, and it is orbiting its star at 650 times the average Earth-Sun distance, which is a formation model that cannot be explained by present theories and knowledge.

Photo by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Photo by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

This young planet is about 13 million years old, and it still glows from the heat that was created during its formation. Earth was created 4.5 billion years ago, which is 350 times older than this giant planet, known as HD 106906 b. Its temperature is about 2,700°F, which is much cooler than its host stars, and thus, emits most of its energy as infrared, not visible light.

Since this planet is orbiting very far from its parent star, astronomers are very puzzled and confused about its odd formation. None of the present theories sustained. This new discovery provided astronomers the opportunity to question planets’ formation, history, and composition.

Medium-sized Black Holes

Did you and your Blaster know that black holes come in two extremes – the petite ones with a mass that is only 10 times that of our sun, and monstrous ones that have a mass equivalent to 10 billion suns? However, NASA recently found some interesting data that shows that we may found a new medium-sized category of black holes.

Photo by Hubble Heritage

Photo by Hubble Heritage

Although scientists is yet to determine what caused the formation of intermediate-sized black holes, with theories surrounding the notion of clustering and merging of stars, evidence shows that the proposed medium-sized black holes came from objects called ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs), where the black hole feeds off a normal star. The feeding process is similar to that of supermassive black holes, but less messy. While supermassive black holes are located at the cores of galaxies, ULXs are scattered throughout the galaxies.

Astronomers found that a ULX located 13 million light-years away has a mass that is about 100 times of our sun, which puts it right at the border between small and medium black holes. However, some scientists made the conclusion that the evidence showing the ultraluminous quality of these objects are caused by the high rate of material absorption, not from the size. Therefore, the existence of medium-sized black holes has yet to be determined.

Latest Space Finding: Jets in our Supermassive Black Hole

Do not mistake these jets as a type of plane that we can see flying through Earth’s skies. In this case, the term “jet” refers to high-energy particles that can be found in space. Categorized under a branch of scientific study, called particle physics, these jets are believed to be produced when materials that were originally falling towards a black hole are redirected outwards. In fact, this amazing occurrence plays an important role in transporting energy and regulating the rate of new star formations.

Photo by NASAblueshift

Photo by NASAblueshift

Why is finding a jet so important to scientists? It helps them determine the direction of the black hole’s spin axis, which allows them to make more accurate assumptions about the growth and history of the black hole. Since the study found that the black hole is pointing to the same direction as the Milky Way, astronomers are able to insinuate that gas and dust have migrated steadily into the black over instead of colliding with large galaxies.

Since the activity of the giant black hole has been relatively low over the past few hundred years, the jets surrounding appears to be weak. However, scientists speculate that the jet may brighten dramatically when the black hole starts consuming material more actively.

Make a Delicious Thanksgiving Dinner with your Blaster

Turkeys is the iconic symbol of Thanksgiving. However, not all kids favor the healthiness and light taste of turkeys. With a little bit of seasoning and the festivity surrounding the holidays, find out how you can turn a delicious turkey recipe into a math learning tool for your kid!

Photo by tuchodi

Photo by tuchodi

Roast Turkey

Making a traditional and tasty roasted turkey requires a bit more time and effort than usual seasonal dishes. You will need a few ingredients to add some flavor to the meaty texture.

Ingredients

2 gallons of water

2 cups of apple juice

1½ cups of kosher salt

2 cups of brown sugar

5 cloves of garlic (crushed)

5 bay leaves

4 tablespoon of black peppercorns

2 table spoons of dried rosemary

3 oranges (peeled, white pith removed, skill roughly chopped)

1 fresh turkey (20 pounds)

1½ sticks of butter (softened)

3 tablespoon of fresh rosemary leaves (minced)

3 tablespoons of orange zest (chopped)

Directions

You will need to start the preparation process at least a day in advance to ensure that the turkey is properly seasoned and ready to be roasted on the day of the celebration.

  1. Mix the water, apple juice, bay leaves, garlic, sugar, salt, peppercorns, orange peel, and dried rosemary in a large pot, and boil it. Once it starts to boil, turn the heat off immediately, allow it to cool to room temperature, and settle it in the fridge.
  2. Remove the turkey from its packaging and rinse it thoroughly under cool water.
  3. Place the turkey in a plastic brining bag or large pot, and pour the cool mixture you previously created over the top. Add extra cold water if you need more mixture to complete cover the turkey. Seal the bag or cover the pot, and place the turkey in the refrigerator for 16 to 24 hours before roasting.
  4. The next day, rinse the turkey thoroughly under cold water before you start roasting it. Be sure to soak the turkey in fresh water for 15 to 20 minutes to prevent the gravy from becoming too salty).
  5. Preheat the over to 275°F
  6. Cover the turkey with heavy-duty foil and place it breast-side up on the rack in a roasting pan. A 20 pound turkey will roast for about 3½ hours.
  7. Remove the turkey and increase the temperature to 375°F.
  8. Remove the alumni foil. Mix the softened butter with the fresh rosemary and orange peel, and rub it all over the skin of the turkey.
  9. Place a meat thermometer into the thigh, near the hip joint, and place the turkey back into the over.
  10. Basting the turkey with butter every 30 minutes until the meat thermometer shows 170°F and the juice are no longer pink.
  11. Cover the turkey with foil until you are ready to carve and serve.
  12. Reserve the pan juice to make gravy.
Photo by Glory Foods

Photo by Glory Foods

To make your own gravy, ladle off the excess fat from the juice with a gravy spoon. Then, using just enough water to dissolve ¼ cup of corn starch. Beat until there’s no lumps, and slowly and stirring constantly, add the corn starch to the juice. Note: You may not use up all the cornstarch mixture. Just add until you get your desired thickness. Finish off by adding seasonings.

Math Integration

Since making a turkey dinner requires a lot of steps, effort, and time, you can definitely plan a few learning exercises. Here are a few math activities you can incorporate in the whole preparation process:

  • Learning units by measuring the ingredients
  • Learning temperature and conversion by setting up the oven and reading the measurement on the thermometer
  • Learning time by measuring the time needed to brine and roast the turkey

Have a wonderful time learning about math and preparing for Thanksgiving with your Blaster!

Teach Math with Thanksgiving Turkey Hand Craft!

How are you going to celebrate this year’s Thanksgiving holiday? Creating DIY decorations is all part of boosting the festivity in your home. Freshen up your crafts-making session with your Blaster by integrating some math learning activities into it!

20131108_112237

You will need a few simple materials:

  • Colored paper (orange, red, pink/yellow, brown/beige, black, and white)
  • Scissors
  • Glue/tape

Start by asking your kid to trace the outline of their hands on the colored papers. Make about 6 hand shapes and cut them out with a pair of scissors. To add a little learning into the activity, ask your kid to do the 5 times table by using the cutout hand shapes. Afterwards, overlap the hand shapes to make a loose fan shape that resembles turkeys’ feathers.

20131108_105539 20131108_110331

Then, trace your kid’s feet on beige or brown colored paper and cut them out. Overlap the two feet shape to create a pear shape that resembles the body of a turkey. Decorate the turkey’s body with round oval eyes, a sharp beak, and feet with shapes cut out from colored paper. While you are drawing these shapes and cutting them out, quiz your kid on the names of these shapes.

20131108_111701

This simple and hassle-free craft can both liberate your kid’s creativity while practicing some basic math concepts. Let us know what your thoughts are on this unique genre of learning and comment below!

Fall-themed Math Activities

What are you going to do with your leftover pumpkins and the excessive amount of candies your Blaster collected when they were trick or treating on Halloween night? Why not use these items to complete a few autumn-themed math activities with your kid! Read on to find some creative ideas to keep your child engaged and excited about learning!

Measuring a Pumpkin

Pick your roundest pumpkin and ask your kid to give you the measurements of all or a few of the following: circumference, weight, height, diameter, area, and volume. This is a fun and practical approach to teach your Blaster the basics of shapes, while teaching your kid the importance of recycling unused materials!

Photo by Elle C.

Photo by Elle C.

Counting Corn Roll

Young children or toddlers particularly enjoy this activity. Create a shape of a corn on yellow and green cardstock, and place it firmly on the table. Place the candy corns, M&Ms, or any other sweet confectionaries your kid hunted down on Halloween in separate bowls. Or you can make it more challenging by mixing all the candies in one bowl and ask your kid to separate it. Prepare two (or three, depending how many kinds of candies you plan to use) dice. Roll each dice once, and tell your young kid to count out the number of candies needed, and arrange it on the corn. Go over the results and enjoy the candies together to clear the corn for another round!

Making Play Dough

This hands-on activity focuses on sensory learning and will definitely keep your kid interested and engaged! This simple recipe allows you make your own play dough at home with your Blaster, while teaching him or her about measurements and rationing. Here is what you need:

  • 2 cups of plain/all-purpose flour
  • 1 cup of salt
  • 2 tablespoons of tartar cream
  • 2 tablespoons of vegetable oil
  • 1 ½ cups of just-boiled water, food coloring or paint
  • Pinch of spices – group cinnamon o grated nutmeg

Mix all the ingredients together, knead until the mixture becomes dough, and ask your kid to start using their creativity to make amazing figures!

Photo by Jason Lander

Photo by Jason Lander

Creating an Autumn Leaf Number Line

If you are looking for a fun and artistic way to get your kid familiar with counting numbers, try making a number line made out of autumn leaves you can find in your backyard or on the streets. It can also double up as a festive decoration for your kid’s room or your home.

Let us know if these fall-themed math activities helped get your kid interested in math and share your experience with us by leaving a comment below!

Follow

Get every new post delivered to your Inbox.

Join 155 other followers